an object’s position or configuration
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Kinetic energy results due to an object’s motion. If a body of mass M is in motion with speed V, its kinetic energy = (1/2) (M)(V2). It is abbreviated KE.
Potential Energy results from an object’s position or configuration. It is abbreviated PE. The PE of any object is measured relative to a reference level. If a ball of mass M is at a height H from the floor (reference level), its PE = MHg,
where g is the acceleration due to gravity. If the floor is the reference level, any object on the floor will have zero PE. This kind of PE is known as gravitational potential energy. Springs and rubber bands can possess another type of potential energy, elastic potential energy. Work must be done on a spring to stretch or compress it. This gives the spring potential energy.
Another form of energy important in mechanical systems is Internal energy.
Basically, the internal energy of a substance is the total energy of all atoms and molecules in the substance.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.
The total energy in an isolated system is constant. This is the law of conservation of energy. This law means that energy is a commodity that cannot be produced from nothing or disappear into nothing.
The basic approach in using the law of conservation of energy is the same as that used with the corresponding law for linear momentum.
We define two different types of collisions.:
An elastic collision is one in which the total kinetic energy of the colliding bodies after the collision EQUALS the total kinetic energy before the collision.
An Inelastic collision is one in which the total kinetic energy of the colliding bodies after the collision IS NOT EQUAL TO the total kinetic energy before the collision.
IMPORTANT NOTE: The principle of conservation of linear momentum is valid for all kinds of collisions.
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The rate of doing work is known as POWER. The rate at which energy is transferred or transformed. Work done divided by the time.
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